光谱学与光谱分析, 2020, 40 (5): 1362, 网络出版: 2020-12-09   

激光焊接等离子体光谱辐射传输模型

Spectral Radiation Transmission Model of Plasma in Laser Welding
王念 1,2沈华 1,2,*朱日宏 1,2
作者单位
1 南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院, 江苏 南京 210094
2 南京理工大学先进固体激光工业和信息化部重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210094
摘要
了解激光焊接光致等离子体在多个波长下的光谱辐射场三维分布能够帮助研究人员获取等离子体的温度场分布、电子密度分布以及其他一些物理量的三维分布, 对于改进激光焊接工艺有着重要的意义。 了解等离子体光谱辐射能量传输到探测器靶面这一物理过程是重建激光焊接等离子体光谱辐射场的前提。 提出一种基于光学成像的等离子体光谱辐射能量传输模型: 基于辐射度量学, 研究等离子体光谱辐射发出到被探测器镜头接收这一过程, 推导等离子体中某一点被镜头接收到的光谱辐射通量占其向周围空间所发出总光谱辐射通量的比例系数ω1, 建立起光谱辐射传递模型; 基于光学成像原理, 研究光谱辐射由等离子体发出通过镜头到达探测器靶面这一成像过程, 推导等离子体中某一点被像素所接收到的光谱辐射通量占其被镜头所接收到的辐射通量的比例系数ω2, 建立起光学成像模型。 利用比例系数ω1和ω2得到等离子体中某一点被探测器某像素接收到的光谱辐射比例系数ω=ω1ω2, 从而建立起等离子体光谱辐射传输模型。 通过仿真实验, 考察利用所提模型对处在1 000~3 000 ℃之间呈对称温度分布与非对称温度分布的激光焊接等离子体的光谱辐射场重建效果。 结果表明, 对于温度呈对称分布的等离子体在400, 500, 600和700 nm四个波长下的光谱辐射场, 利用该模型进行反演的重建精度分别为5.39%, 6.5%, 7.25%和6.11%; 对于非对称温度分布等离子体的光谱辐射场, 进行反演的重建精度分别为9.34%, 10.07%, 10.68%和9.72%。 仿真实验结果表明, 利用该模型能够对激光焊接等离子体在400~700 nm之间各波长下的光谱辐射场进行较好的重建。 与其他模型对比, 该模型具有较好的重建精度, 能够满足工业应用领域的需求。
Abstract
Understanding the distribution of the spectral radiation field of laser-induced plasma at multiple wavelengths will be helpful to acquire the distribution of the temperature field, electron density and other physical quantities of the plasma, which is significant for improving the laser welding process. Making clear the physical process of how spectral radiation transfers to detector target is the premise of reconstructing spectral radiation field of plasma. In this paper, a spectral radiation transmission model of plasma in laser welding based on optical imaging is proposed: By studying the process that plasma spectral radiation emitting to the lens of the detector based on radiometry, the coefficient ω1 that the spectral radiation received by the lens taking up that emitting to the surrounding space of a point in the plasma is deduced so that the spectral radiation transfer model is established; by studying the imaging process that spectral radiation emits from plasma through the lens to the detector target based on the principle of optical imaging, the coefficient ω2 that the spectral radiation received by a pixel taking up that received by the lens is deduced so that an optical imaging model is established. Then the spectral radiation ratio coefficient ω is obtained with ω1 and ω2, thus the spectral radiation transmission model is established. Through simulation experiments, the effect of spectral radiation field reconstruction of laser welding plasma with symmetrical and asymmetrical temperature distribution between 1 000 and 3 000 ℃ was investigated. The results showed that the reconstruction accuracy with the model presented is 5.39%, 6.5%, 7.25% and 6.11% for the plasma with symmetrical temperature distribution at 400, 500, 600 and 700 nm respectively, and 9.34%, 10.07%, 10.68% and 9.72% for that with asymmetrical temperature distribution, which means the proposed model can be used for reconstructing the spectral radiation field of laser welding plasma at 400~700 nm well. Compared with other models, this model has better reconstruction accuracy and can meet the needs of industrial applications.

王念, 沈华, 朱日宏. 激光焊接等离子体光谱辐射传输模型[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2020, 40(5): 1362. WANG Nian, SHEN Hua, ZHU Ri-hong. Spectral Radiation Transmission Model of Plasma in Laser Welding[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2020, 40(5): 1362.

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