可充电水系锌锰电池成本低、环保无毒、安全性好，在大规模储能领域具有广阔应用前景。然而，该电池中不仅存在MnO2正极导电率低、结构稳定性差等问题，而且存在负极锌枝晶生长与析氢腐蚀问题，这严重制约了电池循环稳定性的提升。本文采用水热法制备了Al掺杂二氧化锰作为锌锰电池的高稳定性正极材料，并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)详细讨论了Al掺杂对MnO2物相、形貌、含水量与电化学性能的影响。研究表明，Al掺杂不仅使样品由微米级β-MnO2转变为纳米级α-MnO2，还使产物中结晶水含量增加。作为锌锰电池正极材料，所制备的Al掺杂MnO2在1 A?g-1高电流密度下500次循环后剩余容量高达150.1 mAh?g-1，循环稳定性远优于未掺杂的MnO2样品(500次循环后容量为97.8 mAh?g-1)。本研究对高性能锌锰电池的开发具有一定启示意义。

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-manganese dioxide (Zn-MnO2) batteries are one of promising systems for grid-scale energy storage applications, owing to their favorable merits such as low cost, environmental benignity and intrinsic operation safety. However, these batteries always suffer from poor cycling stability because of the low electric conductivity and poor structural stability of MnO2 cathodes, besides the detrimental dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution corrosion of Zn anodes. In this work, a hydrothermally-prepared Al-doped MnO2 as stable cathode material for aqueous Zn-MnO2 batteries were reported. The effects of Al doping on the phase, morphology, water content and electrochemical performance of MnO2 were systematically explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests. Equipment analyses indicate that Al doping not only transforms the product from micro β-MnO2into nano α-MnO2, but also improves the host material’s crystal water content. When used as cathodes of Zn-MnO2 batteries, the Al-doped MnO2 has a residual capacity of 150.1 mAh?g-1 after 500 cycles at a high current density of 1 A?g-1, much better than the undoped MnO2 (residual capacity=97.8 mAh?g-1 after 500 cycles). This research has certain enlightenment to the development of high-performance zinc-manganese batteries.