全光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的制作工艺包括对光子晶体光纤和单模光纤的切割、熔接以及拉锥。文章首先运用接触力学理论, 对V型槽内的光子晶体光纤内部应力进行分析, 推导出光子晶体光纤内部最大的应力点位于平行于接触面的最外层空气孔处, 采用有限元分析验证了此结论, 并给出了光子晶体光纤内部应力分布图和应变分布图, 计算出了进行光子晶体光纤切割、熔融固定时的最大载荷。然后对内部具有球形空气腔的光纤进行受力分析, 推导出光纤内部最大的应力点位于空气球边缘上距离光纤表面最近处, 有限元分析验证了此结论, 并给出了光纤受拉力后的内部应力分布图和应变分布图, 为制造纤内纺锤形空气腔提供了理论基础。

In the manufacturing process of all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer, it needs to cut, weld and taper the photonic crystal fiber and single-mode fiber. First, by using the theory of contact mechanics, the internal stress of the photonic crystal fiber in the V-groove was analyzed, and the maximum stress point inside the photonic crystal fiber was deduced at the outermost air hole parallel to the contact surface. In conclusion, the stress distribution diagram and strain distribution diagram of the photonic crystal fiber were given, and the maximum load when the photonic crystal fiber is cut, fused and fixed was calculated. Then, the stress analysis of the fiber with air ball inside was carried out, and the maximum stress point inside the fiber was deduced from the edge of the air ball closest to the surface of the fiber. Finite element analysis was used to verify this conclusion, and the internal tension and stress distribution diagrams were given, providing a theoretical basis for the taper of the air ball in the optical fiber to the spindle shape.