针对现有驼峰溜放监测技术易受电磁干扰和外界环境影响，且很难实现大容量、高密集测量的不足，提出一种基于弱光栅阵列应变传感的驼峰溜放监测方法。首先，采用反射率仅为0.2‰的弱光栅阵列及混合复用组网技术解决了大容量、高密集检测的难题；其次，结合有限元模型和轮轨耦合理论对轨道受力情况、传感器灵敏度进行推导分析；最后，将封装好的光栅阵列传感光纤安装在试验现场，并进行了压道实验。结果表明，该方法能够准确识别溜放车组的轮轴信息、行车方向以及轨道占用信息。系统可靠性高、灵敏度较高，为轨道占用检查技术提供了新的思路。

In view of the fact that the current monitoring technology of track occupancy detection is easy to be influenced by electromagnetic interference and external environment, and it is difficult to realize large capacity and high density measurement, a new method based on strain sensing of weak fiber grating array is proposed. Firstly, the weak fiber grating array with reflectivity of 0.2‰ and the hybrid multiplexing technology are used to solve the problem of large capacity and high density detection. Secondly, based on the finite element model and wheelrail coupling theory, this paper deduces and analyzes the force on the track and the sensitivity of the sensor. Finally, the packaged fiber grating array is installed on the test site, and the track load experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that the system can accurately identify the axle information, running direction and track occupation information. The system has good reliability and high sensitivity, which provides a new idea for track occupation inspection technology.