光谱学与光谱分析, 2020, 40 (9): 2901, 网络出版: 2020-11-27  

老挝水洞桃花石和高山桃花石的宝石学与谱学特征对比

Comparison on the Gemological and Spectral Characteristics of Laos Peach-Blossom Stone and Gaoshan Peach-Blossom Stone
作者单位
中国地质大学(武汉)珠宝学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
摘要
老挝水洞桃花石因与寿山石中的著名品种高山桃花石外观质地相似而受到关注。 运用宝石显微镜、 X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)、 红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(LRM)等测试方法对老挝水洞桃花石样品的矿物组成、 红外光谱特征、 拉曼光谱特征、 杂质矿物成分以及颜色成因进行了研究, 并与高山桃花石的特征对比可知: 老挝水洞桃花石的主要矿物组成为结晶度中等的地开石与高岭石的过渡矿物或结晶度较高的地开石, 个别样品还含有石英。 老挝水洞桃花石在官能团区的三个红外特征吸收峰位于3 697, 3 653和3 621 cm-1处, 与羟基的伸缩振动有关, 其矿物成分为无序地开石-高岭石过渡矿物。 高山桃花石样品的红外光谱存在3 702, 3 653和3 621 cm-1三个特征吸收峰, 吸收峰的位置及强度表明其基质部分的矿物组成为有序地开石。 老挝水洞桃花石和高山桃花石样品在指纹区的红外光谱特征基本一致, 均显示1 106, 1 034和1 006 cm-1处Si—O和Al—O—H的伸缩振动吸收峰; 937和913 cm-1处Al—O—H弯曲振动吸收峰, 695和538 cm-1处Si—O—Al伸缩振动吸收峰; 471和430 cm-1处Si—O弯曲振动吸收峰。 老挝水洞桃花石样品基质部分的拉曼光谱中, 200~1 000 cm-1范围内202和273 cm-1处拉曼峰归属于O—H—O伸缩振动, 341 cm-1拉曼峰归属于Si—O振动, 439和468 cm-1处拉曼峰归属于Si—O弯曲振动, 754和800 cm-1处拉曼峰归属于Al—O—Si的弯曲振动, 921 cm-1处拉曼峰归属于OH弯曲振动。 3 550~3 750 cm-1范围内OH振动区通常显示与红外光谱高频区相似的三个谱峰。 老挝水洞桃花石和高山桃花石中“桃花”内含物均为赤铁矿, 特征拉曼峰位于225, 296, 411和1 318 cm-1处, 高山桃花石中还存在锐钛矿, 特征拉曼峰出现在145和639 cm-1处。 结合显微放大观察和电子探针成分分析的结果可知, 老挝水洞桃花石和高山桃花石都为杂质矿物致色, 内部密集的微晶赤铁矿包裹体使之呈现红色。
Abstract
Laos Peach-blossom Stone is popular for the similar appearance and quality to that of Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stone, one of the famous varieties in Shoushan Stone. The experimental methods used in this paper include Gem Microscope Observation, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy (LRM). Laos Peach-blossom Stone samples were tested by the experiment methods mentioned above for the mineral composition, infraredspectral characteristics, Raman spectral characteristics, impurity minerals composition and color genesis, and compared with the characteristics of Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stone. The main mineral composition of Laos Peach-blossom Stone is dickite-kaolinite transition minerals with high to a low degree of crystallization, part of which is dickite with good crystallinity. Laos Peach-blossom Stonecould also contain a small amount of quartz. The characteristic IR absorption peaks of the Laos Peach-blossom Stonein functional group region are at 3 697, 3 653 and 3 621 cm-1, which related to the O—H stretching vibration. Its mineral composition is disordered dickite-kaolinite transition mineral. The characteristic IR absorption peaks ofthe Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stonein functional group region are at 3 702, 3 653, 3 621 cm-1. The position and intensity of absorption peak indicate that the mineral composition of Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stoneis ordered-dickite. Laos Peach-blossom Stone and Gaoshan Peach-blossomshare the similar infrared spectral characteristics in the fingerprint area. Their infrared spectrum shows the stretching vibration absorption peak of Si—O and Al—OH at 1 106, 1 034 and 1 006 cm-1 and the bending vibration caused by Al—OH generates at 937 and 913 cm-1. The absorption peaks of Si—O—Al stretching vibration appear at 695 and 538 cm-1as well as the absorption peaks caused by Si—O bending vibration appear at 471 and 430 cm-1. In the Raman spectrum of the substrate of Laos Peach-blossom Stone, the peaks in the range of 200~1 000 cm-1reveal the vibration characteristics of the kaolinite group minerals, of which peaks at 202 and 273 cm-1 belong to the O—H stretching vibration. The peak at 341 cm-1in the Raman spectrum belongs to Si—O vibration and peaks at 439 and 468 cm-1 belong to Si—O bending vibration. Peaks of Al—O—Si bending vibration appear at 754 and 800 cm-1 and peak of O—H bending vibration appear at 921 cm-1. The O—H stretching vibration period during 3 550~3 750 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum of Laos Peach-blossom Stone usually shows three peaks similar to that in the high frequency region in the infrared spectrum. The “Peach Blossom” inclusions in the Laos Peach-blossom Stone and Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stone both are hematite, whose typical Raman peaks appear at 225, 296, 411 and 1 318 cm-1 in the spectrum. Moreover, Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stone also contains anatase, whose typical Raman peaks appear at 145 and 639 cm-1 in the spectrum. Combined with the magnification observation results and chemical composition analysis, the microcrystalline hematite in Laos Peach-blossom Stone and Gaoshan Peach-blossom Stone make them red.

许雅婷, 陈涛. 老挝水洞桃花石和高山桃花石的宝石学与谱学特征对比[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2020, 40(9): 2901. XU Ya-ting, CHEN Tao. Comparison on the Gemological and Spectral Characteristics of Laos Peach-Blossom Stone and Gaoshan Peach-Blossom Stone[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2020, 40(9): 2901.

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