光动力治疗是一种利用特定波长的激光激发光敏剂产生活性氧物种(ROS), 进而对肿瘤细胞进行杀伤的治疗模式。然而, ROS的半衰期很短, 且只能作用在产生部位附近, 这明显限制了光动力治疗的疗效。细胞器是细胞能正常工作和运转不可缺失的部分。因此, 将光敏剂有效地靶向递送至细胞器是一种提高光动力治疗效果的有效策略。本文将介绍有机靶向光敏剂的设计原理、靶向策略、目前面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。

Photodynamic therapy is a treatment mode that uses a specific wavelength of laser to excite photosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor cells. However, the half-life of ROS is very short and can only act to the close site of generation, which obviously limits the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Organelles are the indispensable parts of cells that can work normally. For this reason, effective targeted delivery of photosensitizers to organelles is an effective strategy to improve the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. In this review, the design principles, targeting strategies, current challenges, and potential future directions of organelle-targeted photosensitizers will be introduced.