为抑制杂散光对空间相机成像性能的影响,满足其严苛的质量和稳定性的要求,提出了一种主遮光罩的优化设计方法。基于图形法分析了遮光罩挡光环的位置分布,以结构柔顺度和质量最小为目标,以基频为约束,建立了遮光罩的多目标优化模型,并对遮光罩进行了尺寸优化设计。最终,遮光罩质量为0.24 kg,轻量化率达到38.6%。另外,进行了遮光罩的振动实验和整机的杂散光分析。结果显示:遮光罩的杂散光抑制性能良好,有限元分析结果与实验数据相对误差低于15%,表明设计的遮光罩的性能参数满足要求,验证了所采用优化方法的可行性。

This study proposes an optimization method to design the main baffle for suppressing the influence of stray light on the imaging performance of a space camera and satisfying the stringent requirements of small weight and high stability. Further, the position distribution of the vanes of the baffle is analyzed based on the graphical method. A multi-objective optimization model of the baffle is established with regard to minimum structural compliance and mass as well as the constraint of the fundamental frequency. The optimized dimension design of the baffle can be obtained. The mass of the baffle is 0.24 kg, and the lightweight rate is 38.6%. In addition, the dynamic vibration test of the baffle and stray light analysis of the system are conducted. The results denote that the relative error between the finite element analysis results and experimental data is lower than 15% and that the baffle exhibits good stray light suppression performance. This indicates that the performance parameters of the designed baffle satisfy the requirements; furthermore, the feasibility of the optimization method is verified.