同轴送粉喷嘴是激光金属增材制造系统装备的核心部件之一,直接影响着激光增材制造零件的成形精度及性能。因其重要性,国内外学者们已开发出多种新型送粉喷嘴。简要从“光外送粉”和“光内送粉”两种光粉相对位置不同的送粉方式概括了国内外对同轴送粉喷嘴的研究,并从激光束和粉末束是否可变焦的角度进行了分析,指明了现有同轴送粉喷嘴的特点,对未来同轴送粉喷嘴的发展进行了展望。

Coaxial powder feeding nozzle, as one of key components in laser metal additive manufacturing system equipment, directly affects the forming accuracy and performance of parts. Because of its importance, a variety of new powder delivery nozzles have been developed by scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, the research on coaxial powder feeding nozzles is briefly summarized from two different powder feeding methods of "powder feeding by light outside" and "powder feeding by light inside", whether the laser beam and powder beam can vary focal length or not is analyzed, the characteristics of coaxial powder feeding nozzles are pointed out, and the development of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles in the future is provided.