研究了G.652标准单模光纤中的自相位调制和受激布里渊散射两类光纤非线性效应导致的峰值功率限制.研究表明色散与自相位调制共同作用会引起脉冲波形的畸变，其作用大小主要取决于脉冲的峰值功率.受激布里渊散射则引起脉冲功率在光纤中的迅速衰落，进而限制传感距离，其作用大小主要取决于脉冲能量.实验结果表明，自相位调制对脉冲入射功率的限制作用更加明显.通过对实验数据的分析，给出了光纤非线性制约下光脉冲峰值功率上限值的经验性公式，可据此估算分布式光纤传感系统注入脉冲的最大功率.对于一个典型25 km分布式光纤传感系统，脉冲峰值入射功率上限值约为1 W.

The limitation of peak power caused by two kind of nonlinear effect, self-phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering, in G.652 single-mode fiber is studied. It shows that dispersion and self-phase modulation lead to distortion of optical pulse waveform and its effect is determined by optical pulse peak power.Stimulated Brillouin scattering results in fast decay of pulse power in fiber and further shorter sensing distance, and its effect is determined by optical pulse energy. Experiment data shows that self-phase modulation puts more stringent limit on optical pulse lauch power. Based on the analysis of experimental data, empirical formulas for power upper limit are given, which can be used to estimate the maximum optical pulse incident power in distributed fiber sensing systems. For a typical distributed fiber sensing system with range of 25 km, the incident power upper limit of optical pulse peak is about 1 W.