提出并试验研究多激光束与中轴热丝复合直接沉积(熔覆)相结合的新工艺。通过单道沉积试验发现热丝激光沉积效率高于冷丝激光沉积效率,且熔覆带与基板容易结合。使用热丝激光沉积技术进行扫描方向试验、单层多道搭接试验、薄壁沉积试验和实体沉积试验,结果表明:热丝激光沉积过程稳定且可持续,熔道表面光滑、均匀,无毛刺、球化等缺陷;试样沉积表面平整,不受扫描方向的影响;成功进行了长方体沉积成形试验,能够成形三维复杂结构。

Herein, a novel process of direct deposition (cladding) of wires with multi-beam laser and on-centerline heat is proposed and tested. In the single-pass deposition experiment, the efficiency of laser deposition of hot wire is higher than that of cold wire, and the clad beads and the substrate easily bond together. Hot wire is used in tests for deposition with multidirectional laser scanning, tests for single-layer multi-pass lapping deposition, and tests for deposition of thin walls and solids. Results show that stable and continuous wire-feeding deposition can be finished in the proposed process. The surface of the finished clad bead is smooth with uniform sections, and lacks burrs or spheroidization defects. Moreover, the deposited surface of the sample is substantially planar in any scanning direction. The deposited cuboid solid produced by this process demonstrates that the new process can be used to form three-dimensional complex structures.