微结构光纤(MOF)在结构和性能上的优越性引起了国内外光纤研究人员的广泛兴趣,成为光电子学领域的前沿热点,并得到了快速发展。MOF根据结构可分为实芯MOF和空芯MOF,根据传输机理可分为全内反射型MOF、光子带隙型MOF和反谐振MOF等多种类型,在激光技术、光传感技术、光通信技术、光电子集成和光纤器件等领域具有重要应用。本文综述了MOF的发展历程,并对MOF的种类、传输机理、结构设计和拉制进行了全面分析和归纳,为未来MOF的研究及应用提供借鉴。

The structure and performance advantages of microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) have aroused an immense interest from researchers both locally and internationally, and the MOF emerges as a hot spot in the field of optoelectronics. Currently, according to the structure, MOF can either be solid-core or hollow-core. With respect to the transmission mechanism, they can be categorized as total internal reflection MOF, photonic bandgap MOF, and anti-resonant MOF. The important applications of MOF can be found in laser technology, optical sensing technology, optical communication technology, optoelectronic integration, and optical fiber devices. This paper conducts a review on the development history of MOF, presents a comprehensive analysis and summary of their various types, transmission mechanism, design, and fabrication, and provides a reference for exploring new research directions and applications of MOF in the future.