对水下图像预处理和目标检测识别、跟踪关键技术进行了详细的归纳总结。根据是否需要构建模型,将水下图像预处理分为图像增强和图像复原,论述了增强和复原方法的基本思想及方法特点。对水下光学图像的目标检测识别与跟踪原理和方法的研究进展进行全面阐述。通过对以上各个过程研究成果的总结分析,梳理了水下目标探测各关键技术中存在的重点解决问题与相关难点问题,讨论了其解决思路和进一步发展方向。

We summarize key technologies of underwater target exploration in more details, including underwater image preprocessing, target detection and recognition, and target tracking algorithms. First, underwater image preprocessing algorithms are divided into image enhancement and restoration by judging whether they need to build a model, and then we discuss the basic ideas and characteristics of enhancement and restoration. Besides, the principles and methods of target detection and recognition, and target tracking for underwater optical images are reviewed across the board. After summarizing and analyzing the research results of the above processes, we untangle the core issues to be addressed and related difficulties existing in key technologies of underwater target exploration, and discuss the solutions and further development directions as well.