介绍了惯性约束聚变研究中X射线线谱诊断与各物理量之间关系，并对X射线晶体谱仪诊断方式及诊断原理进行了简要说明。针对不同类型诊断，介绍了常用不同类型衍射晶体的作用与原理。此外，介绍了最近开展的一种新型变锥面弯晶X射线诊断方法研究，此方法拥有高集光效率的同时，保证了后端接收装置的精巧耦合，减小了像差。以变锥面弯晶衍射特性研究为出发点，开发了一个X射线任意面型晶体衍射追迹仿真软件X-Chase，并以国内某大型激光装置类H、类He线的变锥面晶体诊断为例进行了计算演示，数值模拟结果显示了变锥面晶体具有很好的聚焦效果。

This paper introduces the relationship between X-ray line emission diagnosis and various physical quantities in the study of inertial confinement fusion, and briefly explains the diagnosis method and principle of X-ray crystal spectrometer. For different types of diagnosis, it introduces the functions and principles of different commonly used types of diffraction crystals. In addition, it introduces a new type of X-ray diagnostic method of multi-cone curved crystals, which has high light collection efficiency and at the same time ensures the delicate coupling of the back-end receiving device and reduces aberrations. Based on the study of the diffraction characteristics of the multi-cone curved crystal, X-Chase, an X-ray arbitrary surface crystal diffraction tracking simulation software, was developed. At the same time, the multi-cone crystal of H and He line emissions on the SG laser facility is utilized to demonstrate the code functions. The numerical simulation results show that the variable cone crystal has a good focusing ability.