光学成像技术极大地拓展了人类的视觉极限,提高了人们观察和理解现实世界的能力。越多地获得目标的光学信息,对其的认识越充分。数字全息术是一种可以将样本的三维信息以二维全息图的形式编码记录下来的一种成像技术。通过获得由携带物体信息的物光波和参考光波叠加产生的干涉图案,可以以数字化的方式实现多种重建模态,例如图像恢复、相位成像和切片成像等。光学扫描全息术是一种独特的数字全息成像技术,通过主动式二维化扫描对三维物体进行成像,其完整的波前信息可以被单像素探测器记录,并基于光外差检测进行信号解调,从而恢复出复数全息图。对光学扫描全息术的最新进展进行介绍。首先,基于双光瞳成像系统,通过特殊的硬件和算法设计,提高光学成像系统的性能,如提高空间分辨率、缩短扫描时间。其次,基于计算成像原理,通过改进和优化全息像重建算法,实现高质量的图像恢复,主要涉及切片成像和三维成像等重建模态。第三,介绍光学扫描全息术的其他研究方向,并讨论该领域未来可能的发展方向。

Optical imaging technology has greatly expanded the limits of human vision and improved people's ability to observe and understand the real world. The more optical information of the object we can acquire, the more understanding we will get. Digital holography is an imaging technique that allows the three-dimensional information of a sample to be encoded and recorded in the form of a two-dimensional hologram. By obtaining the interference pattern generated by the superposition of the object light wave carrying object information and the reference light wave, multiple reconstruction modalities such as image recovery, phase imaging and optical sectioning can be realized in a digital way. Optical scanning holography (OSH) is a unique digital holography technique that uses active two-dimensional (2D) scanning to image a three-dimensional (3D) object and then uses a single-pixel detector to capture the complete wavefront information of the 3D object. By using optical heterodyne detection to demodulate the signal, a complex hologram is recovered. This review discusses and overviews the recent progress in the OSH technique, including three types of advancements. The first one focuses on the advancements in the performance of optical system, such as spatial resolution improvement and scanning-time reduction, using specially designed hardware and algorithm based on the characteristics of a two-pupil imaging system. The second type of advancement relates to reconstruction modalities, such as sectioning and 3D imaging, where reconstruction of high-quality image is achieved by improving and optimizing the holographic reconstruction algorithms based on the principle of computational imaging. The third one is the development of various research topics related to the OSH technique. This paper also discusses potential and presents some topics for future investigations.