GHz飞秒激光器相比于传统的百MHz飞秒激光器，其频域中相邻纵模的间隔更大、可分辨率更高，相同光谱范围内纵模密度更小，每个纵模分得的平均功率相对更高，在梳齿可分辨光谱学、直接频率梳光谱学、光学任意波形产生以及天文摄谱仪校准等诸多领域有着更重要的应用价值。文中从GHz飞秒脉冲的产生方案出发，着重对激光二极管泵浦的GHz重复频率全固态飞秒激光的产生方案以及相应的技术挑战进行了详细介绍，然后重点综述了国际上基于SESAM被动锁模以及克尔透镜锁模全固态GHz飞秒激光器的研究进展，并结合笔者所在课题组取得的初步研究结果对全固态GHz重复频率飞秒激光器的应用价值以及笔者所在课题组的研究目标进行了展望。

Compared with traditional ~100 MHz femtosecond lasers, the mode spacing is larger of GHz femtosecond lasers so that each comb can simply be resolved. Furthermore, the less dense of longitudinal modes results in higher average power. Therefore, it has more important application value in many research fields, such as comb-resolvabled spectroscopy, direct optical frequency comb spectroscopy, optical arbitrary waveform generation and astronomical spectrograph calibration. In this review, the generation schemes of GHz femtosecond pulses and the corresponding technical challenges of GHz-repetition-rate all-solid-state femtosecond lasers pumped by laser diode were introduced in detail firsly. Secondly, the international research progresses of all-solid-state GHz femtosecond lasers based on SESAM passively mode-locking and Kerr-lens mode-locking were summarized. Finally, the application value and research object of our group in all-solid-state GHz-repetition-rate femtosecond lasers were forcasted based on our preliminary research results.