中国激光, 2020, 47 (8): 0802006, 网络出版: 2020-08-17   

稀土Sc对激光制备AlSi10Mg合金性能的影响 下载: 829次

Effects of Rare Earth Sc on Properties of Laser-Melted AlSi10Mg Alloy
作者单位
1 广西大学资源环境与材料学院, 广西 南宁 530004
2 广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室, 广西 南宁 530004
摘要
采用激光技术在2 mm光斑尺寸下制备了不同Sc含量的AlSi10Mg合金,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和电子万能材料试验机等,研究了Sc含量对AlSi10Mg合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:合金组织主要为α-Al相和Si相;随着Sc的质量分数由0增加至0.2%,AlSi10Mg合金组织中的α-Al枝晶细化,并逐渐向等轴晶转变,而Si相则由纤维状向颗粒状变化,合金的致密性、力学性能和热稳定性均显著提高;当Sc的质量分数为0.2%时,合金的致密度约为98.39%,合金中出现的稀土相主要为Al3Sc,合金的显微硬度、规定塑性压缩强度Rpc0.2和形变量为25%时的抗压强度均达到最大值,相对于未添加Sc时分别提高了19.4%、23.1%、17.5%;当Sc的质量分数超过0.2%后,晶粒出现粗化现象,Sc对合金性能的优化作用减弱。激光熔化具有高能、快冷等特点,与传统工艺相比,采用激光熔化技术制备的合金的微观组织更细小,力学性能更好。稀土Sc和固溶强化的联合作用进一步提高了合金的力学性能。由于实验中的光斑尺寸偏大,因此合金的力学性能低于微米级别光斑尺寸下制备的合金。
Abstract
Herein, AlSi10Mg alloy with different Sc contents were prepared by laser melting using a spot size of 2 mm. Further, the influences of Sc content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AlSi10Mg alloy were studied using metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, micro-hardness tester, and electronic universal material testing machine. The results showed that α-Al phase and Si phase were the main phases in the alloy. The α-Al dendrites in the alloy were refined and gradually transformed to equiaxed grain when the Sc mass fraction was increased from 0 to 0.2%. Meanwhile, the morphology of the Si phase changed from fibrous to particulate. In addition, the densification, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the alloy were improved significantly. When the mass fraction of Sc was 0.2%, the densification of the alloy reached about 98.39%, the main rare earth phase in the alloy was Al3Sc, and the microhardness, plastic compression Rpc0.2 and compressive strength corresponding to 25% of the deformation were improved by 19.4%, 23.1%, and 17.5% compared with the alloy without Sc, respectively. When the Sc mass fraction exceeded 0.2%, the grain of the alloy coarsened and the optimization effect of Sc with respect to the alloy decreased. The alloy exhibited a finer microstructure and better mechanical properties when compared with those alloy prepared using the traditional process because of the high energy and fast cooling associated with the laser melting process. With the addition of rare earth Sc, the mechanical properties of the alloy were further improved with the help of solid solution strengthening. The mechanical properties of the alloy were worse than those of the alloy prepared using a laser with a micrometer spot size because of the large spot size considered in the experiment.

张宇杰, 于梅花, 杨瑞霞, 杨维维, 韦景泉, 韦悦周, 李伟洲. 稀土Sc对激光制备AlSi10Mg合金性能的影响[J]. 中国激光, 2020, 47(8): 0802006. Zhang Yujie, Yu Meihua, Yang Ruixia, Yang Weiwei, Wei Jingquan, Wei Yuezhou, Li Weizhou. Effects of Rare Earth Sc on Properties of Laser-Melted AlSi10Mg Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2020, 47(8): 0802006.

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