基于脉冲功率技术的Z箍缩过程可以实现驱动器电储能到X光辐射的高效率转换，形成极端温度、密度、压力条件，近年来在惯性约束聚变及高能量密度应用中取得了一系列重要进展。综述了国际上辐射间接驱动和磁直接驱动两条Z箍缩聚变技术路线发展现状，简要介绍了我国Z箍缩聚变尤其是7~8 MA脉冲功率装置上的动态黑腔研究进展；分别从辐射与物质相互作用、辐射不透明度、材料动态特性、实验室天体物理等方面，概述了Z箍缩应用于高能量密度物理研究的技术路线和主要成果。希望通过对Z箍缩聚变及高能量密度应用研究的论述和发展趋势分析，推动我国Z箍缩研究领域的进一步发展。

The fast Z-pinch can highly efficiently convert the electrical energy stored in the pulsed power generator to X-ray radiation, creating high temperature, high density and high pressure environments. Significant progress in Z-pinch driven inertial confinement fusion and high energy density physics have been achieved in the last two decades. This paper outlines researches in indirect radiation driven fusion and magnetically direct driven fusion briefly, and introduces recent works on the dynamic hohlraum and the relative radiation source experiments on the 7-8 MA facility in China. It reviews progress of several Z-pinch applications in high energy density physics, such as the radiation-material interaction, opacity, dynamic material, laboratory astrophysics, as well as other domains. The paper also expects futher researches and developments of Z-pinch driven fusion and the corresponding applications in high energy density physics in China.