在生物医学领域,拉曼光谱学越来越多地应用于目标样本或组织的在体原位无损探测。拉曼探头作为重要的拉曼检测部件,正朝着多样化和功能化方向发展。拉曼信号本身极其微弱,且易被其他噪声信号干扰,因此拉曼探头的设计生产要求极高。对现有拉曼探头的设计及构造进行了深入介绍,包括光纤选择、探头顶端设计、过滤膜/片添加和探头后端优化等;综述了拉曼探头技术在生物医学领域的拓展和应用。其中,拉曼与其他光谱或成像模式结合的探头应用,给生物医学及临床探测等领域带来了新的活力和广阔的应用前景。

In recent years, Raman spectroscopy is being used more frequently in biomedical analyses, especially for in-situ nondestructive detection of target samples or tissues. Raman probe, as the essential detection component in Raman spectroscopy, is also being developed for better diversity and functionality. Since Raman signal is extremely weak and noise interference is common, the new design and production of Raman probe are also extremely critical. This review provides an in-depth introduction to the existing general design and construction of Raman probe for biomedical applications, including the selection of fiber and filter/membranes, the design of probe tip, and the optimization of probe backend. Subsequently, the expansion and application of the Raman probe technology in the biomedical field are reviewed. The probes based on a combination of Raman and other spectra or imaging modes bring new vitality and prospects for broad applications in the biomedical and clinical detection of target samples or tissues.