大口径菲涅耳透镜由多个子镜拼接而成，子镜失调误差会影响拼接菲涅耳透镜的成像质量，以瑞利判据作为评价标准，根据菲涅耳透镜波前像差理论，分析了拼接菲涅耳透镜子镜各个自由度失调误差公差允限，给出了理论计算公式。分析表明：拼接菲涅耳透镜F数越大，各自由度失调误差公差允限越宽松。采用Zemax软件进行理论仿真，利用干涉仪对拼接波前进行实验检测，检测结果显示，拼接波前与理论计算最大误差为0.006λ，验证了理论的正确性。分析结果为拼接菲涅耳透镜光机设计、检测与装调提供了理论依据与指导。

Fresnel lens with large aperture is stitched by multiple segmented mirrors, and miss-adjustment error of segmented mirror will affect imaging quality of stitched Fresnel lens. Using the Rayleigh criterion as evaluation criteria, according to Fresnel lens wave-front aberration theory, each degree of freedom allowed limit for Fresnel lens miss-adjustment error tolerance is analyzed, and the theoretical formula is given. Analysis result shows the bigger the stitched Fresnel lens F-number is, the looser each freedom degree of the miss-adjustment error tolerance limit becomes. Using Zemax software to simulate, the stitched Fresnel lens wave-front is tested by interferometer. The result shows that the maximum error between the stitched wave-front and the theoretical calculation is 0.006λ, which verifies the correctness of the theory. The results provide a theoretical basis and guidance for design, test and alignment of the stitched Fresnel lens.