针对硬脆非球面光学镜硬度高、型面特殊、加工面积大、加工质量要求高的特点，提出了一种基于法向跟踪的、以圆筒形砂轮端面进行磨削的非球面范成精密加工方法。在此基础上，进一步设计了智能化的实时检测与自适应控制方法。应用这些方法实现了磨削运动轨迹的精确控制、砂轮磨损的自动补偿、磨削压力的自动控制、工艺参数的自动调节。实验结果表明：以圆筒砂轮端面进行磨削的、基于法向跟踪的非球面范成精密磨削法可以保证非球面的面形精度，砂轮磨损实时检测与自适应控制方法能提高加工质量和效率。

For hard and brittle aspheric optical mirror with characteristics of high hardness, special profile, large processing area and high processing quality requirement, a generating grinding method for aspheric surface based on the normal tracking and grinding with cylindrical grinding wheel end is developed. Based on this, intelligent real-time detection and adaptive control method are designed. Applying these methods, the precise control of the grinding motion track, automatic compensation of grinding wheel wear,automatic control of grinding pressure and automatic adjustment of process parameters are realized. Experimental results show that the method for generating precision grinding of aspheric surfaces which is grinded with cylindrical grinding wheel end and based on normal tracking can ensure the accuracy of the aspheric surfaces. The real time detection of grinding wheel wearing and adaptive control method can improve the machining quality and efficiency.