提出一种基于预报单光子源和探测器诱骗态的循环差分相移量子密钥分发协议, 简称HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD协议。在详细推导协议密钥生成率的基础上, 给出了相关数值仿真, 并分别与基于弱相干光源和探测器诱骗态的循环差分相移量子密钥分发(WCS-DD-RRDPS-QKD)协议和诱骗态的BB84协议进行了性能比较。结果表明, 随着脉冲序列长度L的增大, 其密钥生成率和最远传输距离都相应减小; 当脉冲序列长度L=16时, HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD协议较WCS-DD-RRDPS-QKD协议, 安全通信距离提高了约100 km, 密钥生成率提升了近一个数量级; 当系统错误率为9.5%时, HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD协议的密钥生成率较诱骗态的BB84协议的提升了近两个数量级。

A novel round robin differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol based on heralded single photon source and detector decoy state is proposed, which is named as HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD protocol. The key generation rate of the proposed protocol is derived in detail, and the relevant numerical simulation is presented. The performance of the proposed protocol is compared with that of the round robin differential phase shift quantum key distribution based on weak coherent source and detector decoy state (named WCS-DD-RRDPS-QKD) protocol and that of the decoy state BB84 protocol, respectively. The results show that the key generation rate and the farthest transmission distance decrease with the increase of the pulse sequence length L. When the pulse sequence length L=16, the security communication distance of the HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD protocol increases by nearly 100 km and the key generation rate increases by one order of magnitude compared with those of the WCS-DD-RRDPS-QKD protocol. When the system error rate is 9.5%, the key generation rate of the HSPS-DD-RRDPS-QKD protocol is nearly two orders of magnitude higher than that of the decoy state BB84 protocol.