针对复合材料结构上低速冲击载荷位置识别问题, 通过构建分布式光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感网络, 分析了光纤布拉格光栅传感器感知的冲击响应信号时间序列的偏斜度、陡峭度与到传感器之间距离的关系。通过不同位置传感器感知的冲击响应信号的偏斜度和陡峭度对冲击载荷所在的区域和到各个传感器之间的距离进行了辨识, 采用加权质心定位算法实现了冲击载荷位置的坐标定位。实验结果表明：在碳纤维复合材料板上240 mm×240 mm的监测区域内随机选取16个测试样本点进行低速冲击定位识别, 实现了所有冲击实验点的区域辨识, 坐标定位的平均误差为20.7 mm。研究结果为碳纤维复合材料板的低速冲击定位提供了一种可靠的方法。

In order to solve the problem of low speed impact load location recognition on composite structures, the relationship of skewness, kurtosis of the impulse response signal time series sensed by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and the distance from sensors to the load is analyzed by constructing a distributed FBG sensing network. The location of impact load and the distance to each sensor are identified by the skewness and kurtosis of impulse response signals perceived by different position sensors. The weighted centroid localization algorithm is used to locate the impact load location. The experiment results show 16 test samples are randomly selected from the monitoring area of 240 mm×240 mm on the carbon fiber reinforced plastics board for low-speed impact positioning and recognition. The identifications of all impact test points are achieved. The average error of coordinate positioning is 20.7 mm. The research results provide a reliable method for the location identification of low speed impact on carbon fiber reinforced plastics structures.