集后向散射激光雷达、侧向散射激光雷达及拉曼散射激光雷达为一体的激光雷达系统在探测对流层气溶胶消光系数时具有两个明显的优点,一是反演时不需要假设激光雷达比(LR),二是不存在近地面的过渡区和盲区。在2017年1月至2018年12月期间,利用一体化激光雷达系统在合肥进行了146天的数据探测,并对气溶胶消光系数进行了反演和统计分析,得出了气溶胶LR平均值为68.4 sr及LR平均值随月份的分布规律,还有气溶胶消光系数月平均、季平均及年平均情况。个例分析表明,高度在0.6 km以下的气溶胶消光系数随高度和时间的变化很复杂,传统后向散射激光雷达很难探测到。对比分析了利用LR经验值反演气溶胶消光系数引起的误差大小。这些探测结果为研究大气污染传输和大气污染防治提供了科学依据。

A lidar system that combines backscattering, side-scattering, and Raman-scattering lidars has two obvious advantages in detecting the extinction coefficients of tropospheric aerosols: 1) the lidar ratio (LR) does not need to be assumed in the retrieval of aerosol extinction coefficients; 2) there are no near-ground transition and blind areas. Herein, we obtain the 146-day data by using an integrated lidar system in Hefei city from January 2017 to December 2018. We retrieve and statistically analyze the extinction coefficients of aerosols to get the average LR of aerosols of 68.4 sr, the monthly distribution of average LR , and the monthly, seasonal, and annual average profiles of aerosol extinction coefficients. Some cases show that the aerosol extinction coefficient versus height and time is very complicated under 0.6 km altitude, which cannot be detected by the traditional backscattering lidar. Moreover, the errors in the aerosol extinction coefficient retrieved from the empirical LR are analyzed by comparison. The obtained results provide a scientific basis for studying air pollution transmission and control.