为了研究黑碳气溶胶对星地量子通信性能及传输质量的影响,根据黑碳气溶胶的复折射率及米氏散射理论得到其消光效率因子,分析了黑碳气溶胶粒子数浓度对量子通信链路衰减、信道容量、信道生存函数以及信道误码率的影响,并进行了仿真实验。结果表明,当传输距离为2 km,黑碳气溶胶粒子数浓度由1.2×10 ⁷ m ^-3增加至3.6×10 ⁷ m ^-3时,链路衰减由0.5079 dB增加至1.524 dB,误码率由0.006增加至0.0101,幅值阻尼信道与退极化信道的信道容量、信道生存函数也呈现出不同程度的衰减,而幅值阻尼信道的衰减更加明显。因此,黑碳气溶胶对星地量子链路通信的性能有显著影响。为了保证量子通信顺利进行并提高传输系统的可靠性,应适当调整相关策略及参数,减小黑碳气溶胶对量子通信链路的影响。

In order to study the influence of black carbon aerosol on the performance and transmission quality of satellite-ground quantum communication, the extinction efficiency factor of black carbon aerosol is obtained based on its complex refractive index and the Mie scattering theory. In addition, the influence of black carbon aerosol particle number concentration on the link attenuation, channel capacity, channel survival function and channel error rate of quantum communication is analyzed and simulated. The results show that when the transmission distance is 2 km and the black carbon aerosol particle number concentration increases from 1.2×10 ⁷ m ^-3 to 3.6×10 ⁷ m ^-3, the link attenuation increases from 0.5079 dB to 1.524 dB, and the bit error rate increases from 0.006 to 0.0101. Simultaneously, the channel capacities and channel survival functions of the amplitude damping channel and the depolarization channel both show different degrees of attenuation, in which those of amplitude damping channel attenuate more obviously. Therefore, black carbon aerosol has a significant impact on the performance of satellite-ground quantum link communication. In order to ensure the smooth progress of quantum communication and improve the reliability of transmission system, the relevant strategies and parameters should be adjusted to reduce the impact of black carbon aerosol on quantum communication links.