研究了方形孔径平面微透镜阵列和微图形阵列的叠栅条纹的傅里叶原理。方形孔径平面微透镜阵列可视为正交的二维栅格线簇, 以一维光栅叠栅条纹的傅里叶变换原理为基础, 推导了方形孔径平面微透镜阵列二维叠栅条纹的傅里叶变换解析式, 对低频(1, -1)级叠栅条纹进行详细讨论。同时对不同夹角下叠栅条纹的周期和同步性进行重点研究, 并采用不同结构参数的二维栅格模板与微图形阵列进行实验,结果表明：实验值和理论值相吻合, 研究结果为方形孔径平面微透镜阵列的应用与研究提供了理论基础。

The Fourier principles of moiré fringes produced by the square aperture planar microlens array and micrographics array are studied. The square aperture planar microlens array is regarded as orthometric 2D grid lines. The analytic formula of Fourier transform for 2D moiré fringes of the square aperture planar microlens array is derived based on the principle of Fourier transform of 1D grating moiré fringe. Moreover, the low frequency (1, -1) moiré fringe is analyzed in detail. The period and synchronization of moiré fringe with different angles are studied as key point. The experiments are carried out by using the 2D grid templates and micrographics arrays with different structural parameters. The results show that the experimental values agree well with the theoretical values, which provides theoretical basis for the application and research of the square aperture planar microlens array.