基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件, 研究了2024-T351铝合金薄板在聚氨酯橡胶支撑下的激光冲击成形过程, 分析了橡胶垫块的厚度、直径、硬度对薄板成形的影响, 并实验验证了模拟结果。研究结果表明, 薄板的成形形状为半球形; 当橡胶厚度在1.5~3 mm范围内变化时, 厚度越大越有利于薄板的成形; 薄板的成形结果与橡胶直径无明显关联; 当橡胶的硬度在40~70 HA范围内变化时, 硬度越小越有利于薄板的成形。模拟与实验结果具有良好的一致性。

Based on the finite element analysis software of ABAQUS, the laser shock forming process of 2024-T351 aluminum alloy sheets under the support of a polyurethane rubber is studied. The effects of thickness, diameter and hardness of rubber on the metal sheet forming is also analyzed. An experiment is carried out to verify the simulated results. The study results show that the final shape of the deformed sheet is hemispherical. A great thickness of the rubber is conducive to the metal sheet forming when the thickness is in the range of 1.5-3 mm. The metal sheet forming result has no obvious correlation with the rubber diameter. A small hardness of the rubber is conducive to the metal sheet forming when the hardness is in the range of 40-70 HA. The simulated and experimental results have good consistency.