细胞内递送是细胞工程和细胞治疗中的关键步骤。激光诱导细胞内递送比传统的显微注射、细胞融合、电穿孔具有高精度、高通量、非入侵式等优点,近年来受到越来越多的关注。激光诱导细胞膜产生瞬时微孔,增加细胞膜的通透性,使货物透过细胞膜进入细胞内。主要介绍了激光利用热效应、化学效应和流体剪切力破坏细胞膜的原理,其实施方法分为激光直接作用,激光作用于纳米粒子、基底材料或光热刀去破坏细胞膜。评价了每种方法的优缺点并对激光诱导细胞内递送的前景进行了展望。

Intracellular delivery is a critical step in cell engineering and cell therapy. Compared with conventional microinjection, cell fusion, and electroporation, laser-induced intracellular delivery has advantages such as high precision, high throughput, and non-invasiveness. This technology has received increasing attention in recent years. The laser induces cell membrane to produce transient micropores that increase the permeability of the cell membrane and allow the cargo to pass through the cell membrane and go into the cell. This paper mainly introduces the principles that laser uses thermal effect, chemical effect, and fluid shear force to destroy cell membrane. Their implementation methods are divided into direct laser action, and laser action on the nanoparticles, substrate material or photothermal knife to destroy the cell membrane. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are evaluated, and the prospects of the laser-induced intracellular delivery are forecasted.