ing at the large error problem of distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) algorithm in multilateral positioning, the cause of positioning error is analyzed in detail, and an improved artificial bee colony optimization DV-Hop localization algorithm is proposed in this work. The algorithm introduces a mathematical optimization model, uses an improved area-limited artificial bee colony algorithm to optimize the model, and optimizes the execution process of multilateral positioning. Experimental results demonstrate that the modified artificial bee colony algorithm can reduce the error and the amount of calculation in the multilateral positioning stage, and the positioning effect is good.