动中成像模式可实现卫星在大角度快速机动过程中成像,满足遥感观测多样化、定制化、精细化需求。分析了动中成像地面实验系统的基本原理,并在实验室搭建了一套面向动中成像模式的地面实验验证系统。该系统采用高精度、高稳定的动态气浮靶标和基于外触发信号的相机积分时间调整方法。研究了成像质量和光强的关系以及成像质量和相机探测器积分级数、卫星机动角速度的关系,开展了自定义运动曲线的动中成像实验。结果表明,在相机探测器线性区内,不同机动角速度与探测器积分级数获取的图像动态调制传递函数(MTF)值的范围为0.0918~0.1054,满足工程应用(0.1附近)的要求,且MTF值与机动角速度、探测器级数无关。动中成像实验中系统运行稳定,动态MTF值在0.1015±0.0098之间。

Satellite dynamic imaging mode can realize satellite imaging in a large-angle fast maneuvering process, meeting the diversified, customized and refined requirements of remote sensing observation. In this work, the basic principle of ground experimental system for dynamic imaging is analyzed, and a set of ground experimental verification system for dynamic imaging mode is built in the laboratory. The system uses a high-precision, high-stability dynamic air flotation target and a camera integration time adjustment method based on an external trigger signal. The relationship between the image quality and light intensity, the relationship between the image quality and the integral series of the camera detector and the maneuvering velocity of the satellite are studied. A dynamic imaging experiment with a custom motion curve is carried out. The results show that in the linear region of the camera detector, the range of the image dynamic modulation transfer function (MTF) value obtained with different maneuvering angular velocities and detector integration series is 0.0918-0.1054, which meets the requirements of engineering applications (near 0.1), and the MTF value has nothing to do with maneuvering angular velocity and detector series. In the dynamic imaging experiment, the system runs stably, and the dynamic MTF value is between 0.1015±0.0098.