采用不同脉冲频率和脉冲宽度的纳秒激光开展了2024铝合金表面150 μm厚环氧基底漆涂层的激光清洗研究，分析了激光清洗试样表面的宏观和微观形貌，探讨了不同激光参数下的除漆效果以及基材表面的损伤情况，并计算得到了在脉冲宽度为60 ns、脉冲频率为20 kHz下的基材损伤阈值为556.17 W。试验结果表明：当激光功率、脉冲宽度和脉冲频率分别为500 W、60 ns和20 kHz时，试样表面的油漆涂层被完全去除，且基材表面未发生熔化；在该参数下清洗后，试样表面氧元素的质量分数为43.44%，与原始基材表面氧元素的质量分数（42.51%）接近，说明基体表面的阳极氧化膜在激光清洗过程中未受损伤；在激光功率为500 W、脉冲宽度为60 ns、脉冲频率为20 kHz的激光参数下除漆后，基材表面的显微硬度为168.34 HV，接近原始基材表面显微硬度的99.1%，说明采用该参数清洗未影响基材表面的显微硬度。

Herein， nanosecond laser with different pulse frequencies and pulse widths was used to remove 150 μm thick epoxy coatings from a 2024 aluminum alloy surface. The macro and microsurface morphologies of the sample cleaned by laser were analyzed， and the paint removal effect and damage to the substrate under different laser parameters were discussed. The substrate damage threshold was calculated to be approximately 556.17 W under the pulse width and frequency of 60 ns and 20 kHz， respectively. Results show that the paint coating on the sample surface is completely removed， and the substrate surface is not melted when the laser power， pulse width， and pulse frequency are set to 500 W， 60 ns， and 20 kHz， respectively. The oxygen content in the sample surface cleaned under the above parameters is 43.44%， while that in the original substrate surface is 42.51%， which are close to each other. The oxygen content in the cleaned sample surface and original substrate surface is approximately equal， suggesting that the anodized film on the substrate surface is not damaged during the cleaning process. After removing the paint by the above laser parameters， the microhardness of the cleaned sample surface is 168.34 HV， which is 99.1% of the microhardness of the original substrate surface， indicating that the microhardness of the substrate surface is unaffected by the laser cleaning paint process.