目前的市场上充斥着大量焰熔法合成的尖晶石，仅通过常规方法不能对合成尖晶石和天然尖晶石进行有效鉴别。为了准确鉴别天然尖晶石和焰熔法合成尖晶石，本文基于傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线荧光光谱、吸收光谱和激光拉曼光谱，分别对天然尖晶石和焰熔法合成尖晶石进行分子结构、化学成分、致色机理等的研究，并对拉曼光谱在405 cm^-1位置的谱峰进行洛伦兹拟合，得到半峰全宽值，然后对半峰全宽值进行单因素方差分析。结果表明：天然尖晶石和焰熔法合成尖晶石的常规宝石学特征基本一致，但它们的分子结构、化学成分、致色机理、半峰全宽存在显著差异，可为鉴别天然尖晶石和焰熔法合成尖晶石提供理论依据。

Today's market contains large quantities of flame-melting synthetic spinel， which cannot be effectively identified by conventional methods alone. To accurately identify natural and flame-melting synthetic spinels， we used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy， X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy， absorption spectroscopy， and laser Raman spectroscopy to study the molecular structures， chemical compositions， and color mechanisms of the spinel specimens. The full-width-at-half-maximum （FWHM） was obtained by Lorentz fitting of the 405 cm^-1 peak in the Raman spectrum and analyzed by one-way ANOVA（analysis of variance）. Although the conventional gemological characteristics of natural spinel and flame-melting synthetic spinel were almost identical， there are significant differences in molecular structures， chemical compositions， color mechanisms， and FWHMs. The results provide a theoretical basis for distinguishing natural spinel from flame-melting synthetic spinel.