纳米材料是20世纪末期发展起来的新型材料，其以优异的特殊性能得到了广泛关注。纳米材料的制备是纳米科技中的重要领域。本文介绍了脉冲激光烧蚀法制备纳米材料的两个重要途径——脉冲激光沉积法和脉冲激光液相烧蚀法，包括这两种方法的原理、特点、应用领域以及国内外的研究进展，最后阐述了脉冲激光沉积法和脉冲激光液相烧蚀法在制备工艺和材料性能方面仍需面对的挑战以及未来的发展趋势。

Nanomaterials are emerging materials developed at the end of the 20th century that have attracted wide attention owing to their excellent and unique properties. Moreover, nanomaterial preparation is a key field in nanotechnology. In this paper, two important methods to prepare nanomaterials using pulsed laser ablation(pulsed laser deposition and pulsed laser liquid-phase ablation) are introduced, including their principles, characteristics, applications, and research progress at home and abroad. Finally, the challenges and development trends of pulsed laser deposition and pulsed laser liquid-phase ablation in terms of the preparation process and properties of nanomaterials are discussed.