针对金属球面高反光及高曲率对表面微缺陷检测的不利影响，提出一种基于空间全角度光源和图像融合的检测方法。通过空间全角度光源系统提供不同照明方案扫描球面获得图像信息，利用图像融合对有效检测区域内微缺陷与背景的差异性进行累积，放大微缺陷与背景差异，提升微缺陷检测能力。实验结果表明，基于所提方法的检测装置对直径为20 mm、精度为G16的轴承钢球表面不同位置微缺陷的检测效果显著，解决了金属球面高反光引起的检测盲区问题，并对轴承钢球表面各种微缺陷具有良好的检测能力。

Aiming at the adverse effect of high reflection and high curvature of metal sphere on surface micro-defect detection, a detection method based on spatial omni-directional light source and image fusion is proposed. The image information is obtained by scanning the spherical surface through different illumination schemes provided by the spatial omni-directional light source system. Image fusion is used to accumulate the difference between micro defects and background in the effective detection area, enlarge the difference between micro defects and background, and improve the ability of micro defect detection. The experimental results show that the detection device based on the proposed method can detect the micro defects at different positions on the surface of bearing steel ball with a diameter of 20 mm and a precision of G16 significantly, and solves the problem of blind area caused by high reflection of metal sphere, and has good detection ability for various micro defects on the surface of bearing steel ball.