二维层状半导体材料具有独特的电子结构和量子尺寸效应, 在光电子器件等领域受到广泛关注。其中, 二维Ⅳ-Ⅵ族半导体因其具有成本低、元素丰富、对环境友好等优点, 近年来成为研究热点之一。介绍了二维Ⅳ-Ⅵ族半导体的独特晶体结构, 总结了机械剥离、液相法、气相沉积等制备方法的研究进展, 讨论了二维Ⅳ-Ⅵ族半导体在场效应晶体管和光电器件领域的研究现状, 并针对制备和器件应用方面存在的问题及今后的研究方向提出了建议。

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials possess unique electron structures and quantum size effects, and have received extensive attention in the fields like optoelectronics devices. Among them, the 2D group IV-VI semiconductors have become one of the research focuses recently due to the advantages as low-cost, earth-abundant, and environment-friendly characteristics. The unique crystal structures of the 2D group IV-VI semiconductors are introduced, and the research progress on their preparation methods including mechanical exfoliation, liquid phase method and vapor deposition is reviewed. The research status of 2D group IV-VI semiconductors in the fields of effect transistors and optoelectronic devices is discussed. The suggestions are presented aiming at the current issues in the preparation and device applications and the future research directions.