基于纳米材料的生物分子检测、光热治疗、光动力治疗和药物靶向输送等新方法，正逐渐成为生物医学领域中重要的诊疗手段。但由于传统纳米材料本身的局限性或治疗手段的缺陷，当前纳米医疗技术存在药物利用率低、毒副作用大和治疗效果低等问题。将纳米技术和光子学相结合，可以在纳米范围内精确控制光与物质的相互作用，从而使生物医学诊疗技术更加精准和稳定。从四个方面总结回顾了近年国内外面向精准化生物医学的多功能纳米光子学技术的发展状况，这四个方面分别为依靠光学技术改善纳米生物医学的稳定性、依靠光学技术实现对肿瘤纳米治疗过程的精准监控、依靠光学技术深入理解纳米生物医学的作用机制以及依靠新型光学技术获取前沿生物医学精细化研究新手段。

New methods based on nanomaterials, such as biomolecular detection, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and nanoparticle drug delivery, are gradually becoming important measures for diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the shortcoming of conventional nanomaterials or the defects in diagnosis and treatment, current nanomedicine technologies have many challenges, including low drug utilization rate, great toxic side effect and low treatment effect. The combination of nanotechnology and photonic technologies offers precise control over light-matter interaction, which improves the accuracy and stability of the technology for biomedicine diagnosis and treatment on nanometer scale. Domestic and oversea development status of multifunctional nanophotonics technology oriented to precise biomedicine in recent years is summarized from four aspects: to enhance the stability of nanomedicine with optical technologies; to accurately monitor the process of tumor nano-treatment by using optical technologies; to acquire the physical insights of the mechanism of nanomedicine with optical technologies; to develop new methods for refinement of the frontier biomedicine research with novel optical technologies.