在45钢表面制备了Fe901激光熔覆层,检测了熔覆层的组织、物相与硬度,采用干摩擦方式对激光熔覆层与45钢试样进行了摩擦磨损实验。结果表明:熔覆层组织均匀致密,组成相主要为马氏体和少量CrFeB、Cr7C3金属间化物;熔覆层的平均硬度为718 HV,显著高于基体的硬度(269 HV);45钢的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损、疲劳剥落和氧化磨损,熔覆层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损;当加载载荷为10,20,30 N时,在干摩擦条件下,激光熔覆层的摩擦因数比45钢低,相对耐磨性分别为45钢的4、18、20倍,表明激光熔覆Fe901合金显著提高了45钢的耐磨性能。

The Fe901 alloy is coated on a 45 steel surface by laser cladding. The microstructure, phase compositions, and micro-hardness of the laser cladding coating are tested. The wear experiment of the laser cladding coating and the 45 steel samples are conducted using the dry sliding method. The results show that the laser cladding coating has a uniform and compact microstructure, and the phase compositions are primarily composed of martensitic phase and several inter-metallic compounds such as CrFeB and Cr₇C₃. The laser cladding coating shows an average micro-hardness of 718 HV, which is considerably higher than that of the substrate (269 HV). Abrasive wear, fatigue spalling, and oxidative wear are the main wear mechanisms of 45 steel. The wear mechanism of the laser cladding coating is mainly abrasive wear. Under the dry sliding condition and with the loads of 10, 20, and 30 N, the friction coefficient of the laser cladding coating is smaller than that of the 45 steel, and the relative wear resistance is 4, 18, and 20 times that of the 45 steel, respectively. Laser cladding of Fe901 alloys can considerably improve the wear resistance of 45 steel.