近年来, 齿科氧化锆陶瓷凭借高强韧性、良好生物相容性和美观自然色泽而成为牙齿临床修复的首选对象, 可用于修复、固定局部义齿和种植牙。然而, 在低温潮湿环境中氧化锆陶瓷易发生t-m相变老化, 服役寿命显著缩短, 严重影响其临床稳定性。本文综述了氧化锆陶瓷低温老化的特点、机制及其老化动力学规律, 并介绍了表征氧化锆低温老化现象的常规技术手段以及光学相干断层扫描、聚焦离子束等新方法; 总结了低温老化行为的主要影响因素以及抗老化措施, 具体可通过调整材料体系、改进加工方式等来增强氧化锆的韧性, 解决其存在的低温老化问题。随着齿科氧化锆陶瓷抗老化性能的提高以及健康功能化的未来需求, 其在齿科修复领域的应用将会越来越广泛。

In recent years, zirconia ceramic, as a preferential choice for teeth restorations, is used as fixed partial dentures and implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, favorable biocompatibility and aesthetic properties, thus significantly shortening the performance life and seriously damaging the reliabilities. However, zirconia ceramic easily occurs low temperature degradation (LTD) of t-m transformation in humid environments. This paper illustrated the characteristics, mechanism and kinetics of LTD, as well as the conventional characterization methods of LTD phenomena and new methods such as optical coherence tomography and focused ion beam. It is also shown the main factors affecting the aging phenomenon, and emphasized the inhibition methods of LTD. By developing materials system and improving processing technology to enhance the strength, fracture toughness of zirconia and to solve the LTD of zirconia, and to meet the needs of people for their health functionalization, zirconia ceramic will be widely applied in the dental restoration field.