研究了大气辐射传输过程中获得的实际天空偏振分布模式。利用简化的双层大气模式模拟实际大气，以基于倍加累加法的矢量辐射传输模式（RT3）为基础求解矢量辐射传输方程，得到全天空离散点处光波的Stokes参量，进而计算天空对应点处光波的偏振信息，建立基于RT3的大气偏振模型，并与传统Rayleigh散射理论模型进行了对比分析。结果表明，晴天、多云、阴霾天空的偏振度依次降低，并且随着波长的增大，偏振度下降明显。基于RT3的大气偏振模型不仅与传统Rayleigh散射理论模型一致，而且能够反映不同天气、不同波长以及不同地表反照率对天空偏振的影响规律，利于实际大气下的偏振光测试与应用。

Atmospheric radiative transfer is investigated to obtain the actual skylight polarization pattern. The simplified double-layer atmospheric model is used to simulate actual atmosphere. The vector radiative transfer equation (VRTE) is solved by means of polarized radiative transfer based on the adding-doubling method (RT3) to get the Stokes parameters of light wave in the discrete points of the sky. Then the skylight polarization information is calculated according to the solution of VRTE. The skylight polarization pattern based on RT3 is built and compared with Rayleigh scattering theory model. The results show that, at the weather conditions of clear sky, cloudy sky and thick cloudy, the degree of polarization (DOP) is gradually reduced, especially for the long wavelength. Simulation results are in good agreement with the traditional Rayleigh scattering theory model. It can also reveal the impact of different weathers, different wavelengths and different albedos on skylight polarization. Therefore it is conducive for the measurement and application of polarized light in actual atmosphere.