稀土掺杂上转换材料由于其高化学稳定性、低生物毒性, 在发光显示、防伪和生物成像等领域得到了广泛的应用。稀土掺杂上转换材料的基质晶格和掺杂离子决定着其发光强度和颜色。光子晶体(PCs)是折射率不同的材料在空间周期性排列形成的有序结构, 其最显著的特征是具有光子禁带(PBG)。波长位于光子禁带内的光不能透过光子晶体而被反射回来, 因而光子晶体具有优异的光调控能力。本文综述了一维、二维和三维光子晶体对稀土上转换发光调控的进展, 介绍了利用光子禁带与上转换荧光发射峰的相对位置对发光进行控制的方法。重点从蛋白石结构和反蛋白石结构两个方面论述了三维光子晶体对上转换发光的调控: 对于反蛋白石光子晶体, 综述了利用上转换材料构筑反蛋白和利用其他材料构筑反蛋白, 通过布拉格反射调控上转换材料的发光; 对于蛋白石光子晶体, 论述了利用不同折射率胶体微球构筑三维光子晶体对稀土上转换发光进行调控。最后总结了利用等离子体共振和光子禁带共同作用调控上转换发光的研究现状, 并展望了利用光子晶体调控上转换发光的发展方向。

Rare earth doped upconversion materials have been widely used in display, anti-counterfeiting and bio-imaging fields due to their high chemical stability and low biotoxicity. The host lattice and doped ions of the upconversion materials determined their luminescence intensity and colors. Photonic crystals(PCs) are periodically arranged structures of materials with different refractive index. The most notable feature of PCs is the existence of photonic band gap(PBG). Light with a wavelength within the PBG cannot pass through the PC and will be reflected back. Therefore, PCs have excellent ability to manipulate light. This paper reviewed the research progress about the luminescence manipulating of rare earth doped upconversion materials by one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional PCs, and introduced the method of controlling the luminescence by adjusting the relative position of the PBG and the upconversion emission peaks. We mainly focused on the ability of three-dimensional PCs with inverse opal or opal structures to control upconversion luminescence. For inverse PCs, the use of upconversion materials or other materials to construct inverse opal PCs to control upconversion luminescence was discussed in detail. For opal PCs, three-dimensional PCs constructed by colloidal microspheres with different refractive index were introduced for the regulation of the upconversion luminescence. Finally, the development in the study about co-effect of plasmon resonance and PBG to enhance luminescence was summarized, and the future developing directions of upconversion luminescence regulation by PCs were prospected.