设计了3种不同组合电极结构(椭圆-椭圆、圆弧-椭圆和圆弧-圆弧)的多级气体开关, 对这3种不同组合的电极结构的电场进行模拟计算, 并进行了静态实验。研究发现, 椭圆-椭圆型的电极表面电场分布的均匀性比较好, 不均匀系数为1.03;圆弧-椭圆型的电极在垂直于电极表面的电场强度变化最小, 偏差小于1%;在静态实验中,椭圆-椭圆型的电极耐压能力和稳定性优于圆弧-圆弧型电极和圆弧-椭圆型电极。

Three different electrode configurations of multigap switches, ellipse-ellipse, arc-ellipse and arc-arc types, are designed. And the simulation of electric field and the static experiment of the switches are conducted. The result shows that, the field distribution on the electrode surface and the static characteristics of the ellipse-ellipse type are the best with the field asymmetric coefficient of 1.03. The arc-ellipse type has the minimum field variation in the vertical direction of its surface with a deviation degree less than 1%.