为大型激光装置能源模块研制了一种采用石墨电极的两电极气体开关, 阐述了石墨应用于高能两电极气体开关的技术关键, 对气体开关中气体间隙的最优结构进行了电场强度分析。参考美国国家点火装置(NIF)能源模块中ST-300气体开关的已知参数, 对研制成功的石墨型两电极开关进行了电气特性试验, 证明了石墨型气体开关能够实现峰值电流达300 kA以上, 单次转移电荷量100 C以上, 寿命超过1 000次, 满足1.2 MJ大型激光装置能源模块的工程技术要求。

Two-electrode spark gap switch is an important candidate for the switching element of huge high laser power supply systems. This paper presents the using condition and critical technology of graphite two-electrode spark gap switch. The electrical field strength simulation shows that the electrode shape which satisfies Borda profile could constitute the optimized spark gap. Referred to the known parameters about the ST-300 switch used in NIF, a series of electric tests have been done. The tests have proved that the graphite two-electrode spark gap switch can support 300 kA peak pulse current, with over 100 C transfer charge and over 1 000 shots of lifetime, therefore meeting the requirement of the 1.2 MJ huge laser power supply system.