对一种基于线性相位反演的新型波前测量方法的基本原理和性能进行了研究。事先对成像光学系统的自身像差进行定标并记录下定标图像。传感器工作时只需测量出有像差时的一幅远场图像与定标图像的差,就可以用线性矩阵相乘方法得到待测像差对应的泽尼克多项式系数。讨论了这种线性相位反演波前测量方法中确定泽尼克模式复原矩阵的方法。以大气湍流畸变波前像差的测量为例,对这种线性相位反演波前测量方法进行了数值仿真研究。结果表明,这种线性相位反演算法具有空间分辨力高、对小像差测量精度高的特点,但测量动态范围有限。这种线性相位反演波前传感器将适用于自适应光学闭环系统。

The basic principle and characteristics of a new kind of linear phase-retrieval (LPR) wave front measuring method were analyzed. A far-field image of the LPR sensor system itself should be measured and stored as the image of calibration in advance. The difference between an image of aberration and the image of calibration was measured using the LPR sensor, then the Zernike coefficients of aberration was gotten by calculation method of linear matrix multiplication. The process and method to get Zernike reconstruction matrix were discussed. The performances of the LPR method was tested by numerical simulation on measuring atmosphere disturbed wave front using the LPR method. The results showed that the LPR obtain high spatial resolution, and high precision for small aberrations, but the measuring range is limited. Therefore the LPR is suitable for close-loop adaptive optics systems.