近年来，有两种人工材料，即光子晶体和左手材料在电磁波传输方面发挥着重要作用。光子晶体是周期性结构排列的介电结构，存在波的能带结构，在光学器件方面有着许多重要的应用。新型人工左手材料同时呈现负介电常数和负磁导率，有着许多与传统介质不同的反常电磁波特性，具有广泛的应用前景。采用传递矩阵的方法研究了由正折射率材料和负折射率材料交替排列组成的一维光子晶体结构的透射谱，并对其能带结构和色散关系进行分析。这种正负折射率光子晶体不仅存在一般的布拉格禁带，还存在低频共振禁带。在这种系统中存在非局域化态，同时由于低频禁带的存在，使得这种结构有更小的局域化长度，更适合观察局域化现象。

Recently two kinds of artificial structures, namely photonic crystal and left-handed material, have potential applications in the control of light. One of the artificial structures is photonic crystal which has periodic structure array of dielectric material. The photonic crystal shows band gap structure for the wave and it can be used as potential optical devices. Another structure is the left-handed material. The left-handed materials with simultaneous negative permittivity and negative permeability possess a number of unusual electromagnetic effects. Transfer matrix method is used to analyze the transmission spectra of one-dimensional photonic crystals with negative refractive index material and positive refractive index material alternant structure. The bang gaps and dispersive relation of one-dimensional photonic crystals are analyzed. The general Bragg gaps and the resonant gap of low frequency exist in the photonic crystal. Not only the nonlocalized modes are found in such a disordered system, but also the localization states with short localization length can be easily realized due to the existence of the low frequency resonant gap.