城市燃气在管道运输过程中存在很大的安全隐患, 一旦发生危险, 后果不堪设想, 燃气管道泄漏的监测与定位意义重大。为解决目前大部分管道泄漏检测与定位方法存在的易受环境干扰、精度低、适用范围窄、计算难度较高等问题, 提出了一种基于时延估计的光栅阵列(wFBG)管道泄漏检测与定位方法, 该方法通过光栅阵列技术采集振动信号, 根据采集到的泄漏振动信号时域、频域上的特征, 首先通过基于短时能量分析的方法检测管道是否泄漏, 然后对满足要求的信号片段进行峰值间多项式拟合获取泄漏信息到达的时刻, 最后根据时间差定位泄漏点。实验结果表明, 该方法能有效检测泄漏, 并且在测量距离为40 m的情况下, 定位误差在1 m左右。

City gas has great safety hazards in the pipeline transportation process, and once the danger occurs, the consequences are unimaginable, so the monitoring and localization of gas pipeline leakage is of great significance. To solve the problems that most of the current pipeline leakage detection and localization methods are susceptible to environmental interference, low accuracy, narrow scope of application, and high computational difficulty, this paper proposes a weak fiber Bragg grating (wFBG) array pipeline leakage detection and localization technology based on time delay estimation, which collects vibration signals through wFBG technology. Based on the characteristis of the collected leakage viberation signals in the time and frequency domain, the method first detects whether the pipeline is leaking by the method based on short-time energy analysis, then performs polynomial fitting between the peaks for the signal fragments that meet the requirements to obtain the arrival time of the leakage information, and finally locates the leakage point according to the time difference. The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect leakage, and the localization error is about 1 m at a measurement distance of 40 m.