相干拉曼散射（CRS）技术作为一种重要的无标记化学成像技术，通过相干激发分子协同振动对拉曼散射信号进行增益，显著地提高了成像速度，广泛应用于材料学、生物化学、肿瘤诊断、药代动力学等领域。超快脉冲激光器的出现实现了亚皮秒持续时间的脉冲输出，使得通过脉冲激发实现大量振动模式的同步相干激发成为新的CRS实现途径。从相干拉曼散射基本原理出发，介绍时域相干拉曼散射的主要实现途径，着重讨论时域受激拉曼散射（SRS）和时域相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射（CARS）的最新进展与应用。

Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) is an important label-free chemical imaging modality that enhances Raman scattering signals via the coherent excitation of vibrational modes in molecules. Coherent enhancement considerably increases the speed of imaging and has various applications in many fields, such as material science, biochemistry, tumor diagnosis, and pharmacokinetics. The emergence of ultrafast pulsed lasers with sub-picosecond pulse durations has introduced novel pathways for CRS through the impulsive excitation of numerous vibrational modes in a synchronous and coherent manner. After discussing the fundamental principles of CRS, this study introduces the main methods of time-domain CRS. Moreover, the latest advances and applications of time-domain stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) have been discussed.