日照时数是地面气象台站观测的基本项目。根据国内外日照计发展现状,设计了一种新型的日照计-光热型 电测日照计,该日照计利用热电偶原理,根据两热电偶的温度差来计算太阳直接辐射,从而可以得出日照 时数。主要分析了光热型电测日照计的原理结构、金属丝中能量传导和日照计性能,并做了初步试验。结果 显示,光热型电测日照计不仅结构简单,而且性能较为良好,随太阳辐射强度变化响应较快,无需人工操作,可 以完全实现自动化操作,对日照时数的测量比较准确。

Sunshine duration is a basic item of the surface meteorological observation. A new sunshine recorder, photo-thermal type sunshine recorder is introduced. This sunshine recorder is designed based on the principle of thermocouple; the solar direct radiation can be calculated according to the temperature difference of two thermocouples, and the sunshine duration can be obtained. The principle and structure of the sunshine recorder are introduced, and the energy transmission in wire and performance of the sunshine recorder are discussed. The structure of the sunshine recorder is simple, the performance is good, and the response is quick, along with the variation of the solar radiation intensity without manual manipulation. The automatic operation can be completely achieved, and the measurement of sunshine duration is accurate.