1 浙江大学光电科学与工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027
2 浙江大学嘉兴研究院智能光电创新中心，浙江 嘉兴 324000
在光学相干层析血流造影（OCTA）系统的实际应用中，高质量数据的采集受到多种因素的干扰，如屈光调节、扫描区域移动、动态成像过程中受试对象眼睛状态波动等。笔者构建了一种基于图像处理单元（GPU）的OCTA数据实时处理框架，使用C++和CUDA开发系统软件，实现了逆信噪比-复值退相关光学相干层析血流造影（ID-OCTA）的实时信号处理与图像显示，线处理速度达到了365 kHz。同时，通过闪烁光刺激诱发小鼠视网膜功能性充血实验，证明了本研究实现的OCTA投影图像实时显示功能有助于操作人员调节系统，监测受试对象的状态，从而提高数据采集成功率。
生物医学成像 光学相干层析血流造影 实时成像 功能性充血
1 苏州大学物理科学与技术学院，江苏 苏州 215006
2 山东师范大学物理与电子科学学院，山东 济南 250358
回顾了光场相干与偏振联合调控的研究进展，重点介绍了具有特殊空间相干结构的二维部分相干矢量光束的表征、合成及在复杂环境中的鲁棒传输特性；结合纳米光子学的发展，将二维部分相干矢量光束推广到了三维部分相干矢量光场，给出了三维部分相干矢量光场的相干与偏振表征，分析了部分相干紧聚焦矢量光场中的三维偏振结构，包括偏振维度、三维非寻常偏振态、自旋角动量结构等。研究表明相干性在赋予了矢量结构光场新颖自由度的同时，导致了二维矢量光束的鲁棒传输特性以及紧聚焦矢量光场新型三维偏振结构。
部分相干光场 矢量光场 光场调控 相干与偏振 光场相干结构调控 光学学报
2024, 44(10): 1026007
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 State Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
2 Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China
3 Jinsp Company Limited, Beijing, China
4 Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
5 Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security Beijing, China
6 Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
In this paper, we present a distal-scanning common path probe for optical coherence tomography (OCT) equipped with a hollow ultrasonic motor and a simple and specially designed beam-splitter. This novel probe proves to be able to effectively circumvent polarization and dispersion mismatch caused by fiber motion and is more robust to a variety of interfering factors during the imaging process, experimentally compared to a conventional noncommon path probe. Furthermore, our design counteracts the attenuation of backscattering with depth and the fall-off of the signal, resulting in a more balanced signal range and greater imaging depth. Spectral-domain OCT imaging of phantom and biological tissue is also demonstrated with a sensitivity of dB and a lateral resolution of m. This low-cost probe offers simplified system configuration and excellent robustness, and is therefore particularly suitable for clinical diagnosis as one-off medical apparatus.
Common path optical coherence tomography endoscopic probe Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2024, 17(3): 2350034
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P. R. China
2 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
The electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythm and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) activation levels have not been compared between a healthy control group (HCG) and methamphetamine user group (MUG) with different addiction histories. This study used 64-electrode EEG and fNIRS to conduct an experiment that analyzed the resting and craving states. The EEG and fNIRS data of 56 participants were collected, including 14 healthy participants, 14 methamphetamine users with an addiction history of 0.5–5 years, 14 users with an addiction history of 5–10 years, and 14 users with an addiction history of 10–15 years. Isolated effective coherence (iCoh) within the brain network was used to process the EEG data. Statistical analysis was performed to compare differences in iCoh among the delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands and explore oxyhemoglobin activation levels in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and frontopolar prefrontal cortex (FPC) of the control group. Finally, the Kmeans, Gaussian mixed model (GMM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), Bayes, and convolutional neural networks (CNN) algorithms were used to classify methamphetamine users based on drug and neutral images. A 3-class accuracy was achieved. Changes in EEG and fNIRS activation levels of HCG and MUG with varied addiction histories were demonstrated.
Drug addiction history electroencephalogram functional near-infrared spectroscopy isolated effective coherence addiction history classification Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2024, 17(3): 2350029
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
2 Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
Limited by the dynamic range of the detector, saturation artifacts usually occur in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for high scattering media. The available methods are difficult to remove saturation artifacts and restore texture completely in OCT images. We proposed a deep learning-based inpainting method of saturation artifacts in this paper. The generation mechanism of saturation artifacts was analyzed, and experimental and simulated datasets were built based on the mechanism. Enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial networks were trained by the clear–saturated phantom image pairs. The perfect reconstructed results of experimental zebrafish and thyroid OCT images proved its feasibility, strong generalization, and robustness.
Optical coherence tomography saturation artifacts deep learning image inpainting Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2024, 17(3): 2350026
1 南开大学现代光学研究所，天津市微尺度光学信息技术科学重点实验室，天津 300350
2 中国科学院自动化研究所，中国科学院分子影像重点实验室，北京 100190
3 河北医科大学第二医院神经外科，河北 石家庄 050000
脑胶质瘤是一种侵袭性的恶性原发性脑肿瘤，术中准确区分胶质瘤和正常脑组织极具挑战性。基于高分辨偏振敏感光学相干层析术（PS-OCT）对正常小鼠脑和胶质瘤模型小鼠脑进行成像，计算了强度、累积相位延迟和累积光轴信息。结果表明，从PS-OCT图像中可以清楚地显示出鼠脑中的纤维结构及其取向；借助PS-OCT图像中丰富的偏振信息，可以准确区分鼠脑胶质瘤区和正常区；基于计算的光轴标准差可以有效区分胶质瘤和正常脑组织。研究结果表明，高分辨PS-OCT在脑组织成像及脑胶质瘤识别方面具有很大的临床应用潜力。
医用光学 偏振敏感光学相干层析术 脑成像 胶质瘤
1 北京理工大学医学技术学院，北京 100081
2 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心，北京 100048
动脉粥样硬化引起的易损斑块破裂已经严重危害到人类的健康，而血管内光学相干断层成像（IVOCT）凭借其高分辨率已经成为识别冠脉易损斑块的主要工具，但图像判读费时费力，通常还依赖于医生的经验。目前已有基于传统机器学习的研究实现了对单帧图像的分类，但这些信息不足以辅助医生确定治疗方案，仍然需要医生二次判读。基于Faster R-CNN（R-CNN，区域卷积神经网络），针对IVOCT图像中易损斑块的特点，在数据增强、预测框（BBox）编码、网络结构等方面进行了改进和优化，实现了对易损斑块的自动识别，并选取易损斑块的病变累积角度、纤维帽厚度、巨噬细胞浸润情况、浅表微钙化情况和血管狭窄程度作为指标，对易损斑块的破裂风险进行多方面评估。在公开数据集CCCV2017 IVOCT中进行训练，测试后取得了较好结果，该方法可推广应用于同类图像。
医用光学 动脉粥样硬化 血管内光学相干断层成像 易损斑块 自动识别 风险评估
Author Affiliations
Abstract
The ability to overcome the negative effects, induced by obstacles and turbulent atmosphere, is a core challenge of long-distance information transmission, and it is of great significance in free-space optical communication. The spatial-coherence structure, that characterizes partially coherent fields, provides a new degree of freedom for carrying information. However, due to the influence of the complex transmission environment, the spatial-coherence structure is severely damaged during the propagation path, which undoubtedly limits its ability to transmit information. Here, we realize the robust far-field orbital angular momentum (OAM) transmission and detection by modulating the spatial-coherence structure of a partially coherent vortex beam with the help of the cross-phase. The cross-phase enables the OAM information, quantified by the topological charge, hidden in the spatial-coherence structure can be stably transmitted to the far field and can resist the influence of obstructions and turbulence within the communication link. This is due to the self-reconstruction property of the spatial-coherence structure embedded with the cross-phase. We demonstrate experimentally that the topological charge information can be recognized well by measuring the spatial-coherence structure in the far field, exhibiting a set of distinct and separated dark rings even under amplitude and phase perturbations. Our findings open a door for robust optical signal transmission through the complex environment and may find application in optical communication through a turbulent atmosphere.
degree of coherence orbital angular momentum cross-phase topological charge information transmission Opto-Electronic Science
2024, 3(1): 240001
1 北京信息科技大学仪器科学与光电工程学院，北京 102206
2 北京信息科技大学光电测试技术及仪器教育部重点实验室，北京 102206
光学相干层析成像（OCT）是一种高空间分辨率的光学成像方法，可以对生物组织进行非接触、无标记的二维截面和三维体积成像，能为临床疾病的诊断提供具有重要参考价值的影像信息。在传统的台式OCT系统中，扫描探头被固定在工作台上，探头结构较大，灵活性差，不利于深入狭小腔体内部成像或在床旁检测。本团队设计了一种视频引导的手持式高速OCT系统，其手持探头结构紧凑、体积小巧，便于抓取和深入狭小腔体内部；探头内部集成了相机成像功能，可以实时获得成像区域的视频图像，引导OCT成像。该系统的A线扫描速率可以达到200 kHz。为了克服成像过程中的抖动问题，本团队提出了图像自动配准算法，该算法能显著提高图像质量。采用该系统对离体猪眼角膜和离体猪牙齿进行成像，以验证系统的性能。结果显示该系统能够高速获取高分辨的组织图像。
医用光学 光学相干层析成像 手持探头 图像配准
1 成都师范学院物理与工程技术学院，四川 成都 611130
2 宜宾学院四川省计算物理高校重点实验室，四川 宜宾 644000
类比相干光束中刃型位错概念，提出一种新的相干奇点——相干刃型位错。对高斯-谢尔模光束携带的相干涡旋和刃型位错在海洋湍流中的相互作用进行研究。基于扩展的惠更斯-菲涅耳原理，得到了该光束在海洋湍流环境下的交叉谱密度表达式，并将其用于研究相干涡旋和刃型位错的相互作用。研究发现：相干刃型位错在相干涡旋的作用下发生断裂并转化成相干涡旋。在光束传输过程中，光场中有单个或成对相干涡旋的产生或湮灭现象发生。二者之间的作用特点不仅与传输距离有关，还受光束初始参数和海洋湍流参数的影响。二者之间的作用规律与自由空间光涡旋和刃型位错的作用规律不同。
激光光学 奇点光学 部分相干光束 相干奇点 相干涡旋 海洋湍流
