The ability to overcome the negative effects, induced by obstacles and turbulent atmosphere, is a core challenge of long-distance information transmission, and it is of great significance in free-space optical communication. The spatial-coherence structure, that characterizes partially coherent fields, provides a new degree of freedom for carrying information. However, due to the influence of the complex transmission environment, the spatial-coherence structure is severely damaged during the propagation path, which undoubtedly limits its ability to transmit information. Here, we realize the robust far-field orbital angular momentum (OAM) transmission and detection by modulating the spatial-coherence structure of a partially coherent vortex beam with the help of the cross-phase. The cross-phase enables the OAM information, quantified by the topological charge, hidden in the spatial-coherence structure can be stably transmitted to the far field and can resist the influence of obstructions and turbulence within the communication link. This is due to the self-reconstruction property of the spatial-coherence structure embedded with the cross-phase. We demonstrate experimentally that the topological charge information can be recognized well by measuring the spatial-coherence structure in the far field, exhibiting a set of distinct and separated dark rings even under amplitude and phase perturbations. Our findings open a door for robust optical signal transmission through the complex environment and may find application in optical communication through a turbulent atmosphere.

有机非富勒烯分子受体，又称稠环电子受体，由于其优良的光电转换性质，现已成为备受关注的有机光电子材料之一。基于该类材料所发展的有机体异质结太阳能电池，其能量转换效率已逼近20%。而制备高效稳定的有机体异质结太阳能电池离不开对材料物性和光伏过程的深入探索。在众多研究体系中，非富勒烯光伏自旋动力学的发展尚处于起步阶段，其内在的光物理机理尚未明确。而光激发磁光电流技术能通过监测有机体异质结中极化子对的解离，在器件工作状态下，原位表征光伏自旋动力学过程。本文结合实验和理论研究，科学地阐述目前主流的有机磁光电流理论基础及函数模型，如低磁场下的超精细耦合效应和自旋-轨道耦合效应，高磁场下的Δg机制；探讨不同有机体异质结在不同表征条件下如偏压、温度、光强的信号差异；最后，讨论了超快光谱技术在有机体异质结体系中的应用。

采用功率谱反演法模拟了同轴叠加产生的双拉盖尔-高斯涡旋光束（Double Laguerre-Gaussian Vortex Beam，DLGVB）在海洋湍流中传输时的光强和相位分布，仿真分析了DLGVB光束在不同海洋湍流参数下的闪烁指数以及在基于开关键控调制的水下光通信系统中的通信误码率。结果表明，随着湍流动能耗散率的减小，盐度温度波动平衡参数、温度方差耗散率及传输距离的增加，闪烁指数逐渐增加；随着湍流动能耗散率以及拓扑电荷差值的增加，误码率减小。在海洋湍流环境下，使用DLGVB光束进行传输可以抑制海洋湍流带来的干扰，选择最佳的拓扑电荷差值，可以有效提高传输通信质量及通信系统容量。本文研究结果对涡旋光束及其叠加态在海洋湍流下传输特性研究及水下光通信系统持续扩容的发展需求方面具有重要的参考价值。

Optical vortex arrays, with their unique wavefront structures, find extensive applications in fields such as optical communications, trapping, imaging, metrology, and quantum. The methods used to generate these vortex beam arrays are crucial for their applications. In this review, we begin with introducing the fundamental concepts of optical vortex beams. Subsequently, we present three methods for generating them, including diffractive optical elements, metasurfaces, and integrated optical devices. We then explore the applications of optical vortex beam arrays in five different domains. Finally, we conclude with a summary and outlook for the research on optical vortex beam arrays.

Optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) have recently stimulated a research boom, accompanied by demonstrations of abundant exotic phenomena and applications. With ultrahigh quality (Q) factors, optical BICs have powerful abilities to trap light in optical structures from the continuum of propagation waves in free space. Besides the high Q factors enabled by the confined properties, many hidden topological characteristics were discovered in optical BICs. Especially in periodic structures with well-defined wave vectors, optical BICs were discovered to carry topological charges in momentum space, underlying many unique physical properties. Both high Q factors and topological vortex configurations in momentum space enabled by BICs bring new degrees of freedom to modulate light. BICs have enabled many novel discoveries in light–matter interactions and spin–orbit interactions of light, and BIC applications in lasing and sensing have also been well explored with many advantages. In this paper, we review recent developments of optical BICs in periodic structures, including the physical mechanisms of BICs, explored effects enabled by BICs, and applications of BICs. In the outlook part, we provide a perspective on future developments for BICs.