贝塞尔光束以其独特的无衍射传输特性得到了广泛的关注，在光学操控、光学加工、信息传输、光学成像等领域具有巨大的应用前景。为了丰富光束的传输特性，通过不同手段对贝塞尔光束传输的调控成为了热点问题。研究者提出不同的理论和方法，通过对贝塞尔光束进行不同维度的调控，构造了沿任意轨迹传输、轴上强度和偏振可调的新型类贝塞尔光束。从贝塞尔光束的基本特性出发，总结了近年来贝塞尔光束传输调控相关的研究进展，包括贝塞尔光束的传输轨迹控制、轴向强度和偏振态控制、束宽控制等基本调控手段，并分析了其传输和调控机理。

Collective cell migration is a coordinated movement of multi-cell systems essential for various processes throughout life. The collective motions often occur under spatial restrictions, hallmarked by the collective rotation of epithelial cells confined in circular substrates. Here, we aim to explore how geometric shapes of confinement regulate this collective cell movement. We develop quantitative methods for cell velocity orientation analysis, and find that boundary cells exhibit stronger tangential ordering migration than inner cells in circular pattern. Furthermore, decreased tangential ordering movement capability of collective cells in triangular and square patterns are observed, due to the disturbance of cell motion at unsmooth corners of these patterns. On the other hand, the collective cell rotation is slightly affected by a convex defect of the circular pattern, while almost hindered with a concave defect, also resulting from different smoothness features of their boundaries. Numerical simulations employing cell Potts model well reproduce and extend experimental observations. Together, our results highlight the importance of boundary smoothness in the regulation of collective cell tangential ordering migration.

当前，超强超快激光正朝着全固态、高重复频率、新波段等方向发展，而发展新型激光材料是其关键基础之一。稀土掺杂碱土氟化物激光晶体兼具有晶体的高热导和玻璃的宽光谱特性，在全固态重复频率超强超快激光领域具有重要应用。本文简要概述了萤石型氟化物晶体稀土离子团簇结构的基本特征、稀土离子局域结构的演变规律，围绕稀土掺杂碱土氟化物激光晶体的结构设计、光谱调控及激光应用，综述了局域结构设计在探索新型宽光谱超快激光材料方面的最新研究进展，并对其发展趋势进行展望。

柱矢量光束的紧聚焦在光学微操纵、光学存储、激光微加工、超分辨率成像和粒子加速等领域发挥着重要作用。亚波长光栅平凹透镜对柱矢量光束的紧聚焦的能力仍有提升空间，本文利用闪耀结构将光的能量从零级转移并集中到-1级，对亚波长光栅平凹透镜的聚焦性能进行优化。提高了透镜的衍射效率，增强了焦场的能量。通过调整高斯径向偏振光的形状参数，改变入射光振幅及入射区域半径实现对焦场能量的动态调控。进一步地，调控柱矢量光束的偏振组分能够直接有效地横向调制焦场，获得多样化形貌的焦斑。本文的优化手段对于其他光栅透镜也具有参考意义，该研究结果在超分辨率成像以及光场调控等领域具有潜在的应用价值。