为实现光纤激光器的高功率输出，光纤热效应是必须考虑的重要因素之一，研究高功率光纤激光器的温度分布特性并对产生的热量采取相应抑制措施，以保证高功率光纤激光器在合适的温度下正常运行，对研究高功率光纤激光器具有重要意义。对已报道的主要的高功率光纤激光器热效应相关研究进行了综述，逐类说明了光纤温度理论研究、热效应对光纤激光器输出特性的影响以及热效应的抑制方法，讨论了这些研究中存在的优缺点，并对其未来的研发趋势进行了展望。

Thermal effect of fiber lasers should be taken into account in order to achieve high power output. Research of the thermal distribution and the control measures available are of great significance for normal and stable operation of the high power fiber lasers. We review the primary reported studies related to thermal effect of the high power fiber lasers, and introduce the fiber temperature theory, impact of the thermal effect on the output properties of fiber lasers, and the approaches for thermal effect controlling. Meanwhile, their merits and drawbacks are discussed, and the development prospect is predicted.